单字调

长沙方言单字调及变调的实验语音学报告

An Acoustic Study of Citation Tones and Tone Sandhi in Changsha Chinese

泰语单字调的声学分析

Acoustical Analysis on the Tones of Thai Language

单字调的主要难点在于阳平与上声的混淆。

The main difficulty lies in word second tone and third tone of confusion .

五个单字调在连调前字位置都要发生变调；

Five citation tones will change when they are the first word in tone sandhi .

第一，单字调。

First , one word tone .

穿山平话有声母18个、韵母41个、单字调6个。

In Chuanshan dialect , there are 18 initial consonant , 41 compound vowels and 6 tones .

发两字调时前后音节互相影响，较发单字调时偏误较多。

When read two word tone , because affected each other before and after , more extensive errors .

第二章从音高和时长两个角度研究南京方言单字调。

The second chapter refers to studies on mono-syllable tone from the two perspectives of pitch and duration .

长沙话的声调在轻读音节中的弱化规则可分为广式和窄式两类。在广式规则中，六个单字调弱化为四个轻声。

There are two weakening rules in weak syllables for the tones of Changsha dialect : broad vs. narrow .

实验结果表明，西峰区方言中单字调有4个，不包括轻声。

The experiment result shows that there are 4 mono-syllable tones in Xifeng dialect which do not include soft tone .

通过实验语音学的方法确定了华阳话单字调的实际调值，并对其声调格局中存在的分歧做了解释。

Ascertains actual pitch value of six citation tones by methods of experimental phonetics , and explains differences of the tonal pattern .

海原方言有24个声母（包括零声母），32个韵母（不包括儿化韵），4个单字调。

The haiyuan dialect has 24 initial consonants ( including zero initial ), 32 finals ( not including rhymy ), 4 single tones .

本文通过实验语音学的方法对周口方言的声调进行科学的实验分析，对周口方言的单字调及双字调的变调进行科学定位。

The methods in experimental phonetics are employed in this thesis attempting to make a scientific analysis on the tone sandhi of Zhoukou dialect .

蒲城方言的语音系统：蒲城方言包括零声母在内共有28个声母，47个韵母，4个单字调。

The phonological system of Pucheng dialect : There are 28 initials including the zero initial in Pucheng dialect , and 47 finals and 4 tones in Pucheng dialect .

声调偏误主要表现在单字调末加尾音、去声时长较短、阳平与上声混淆三方面。

Tonal bias mainly reflected in plus tail in the end of certain word , the word length is short of the fourth tone , confusion of the second tone and the third tone .

我们采用几种恰当的声调教学方法按单字调、两字调、短句顺序进行有针对性的训练，然后从他们的声调变化中考察哪种教学方法更有效果。

We use several teaching methods appropriate tone tune by one word tone , two word tone , phrases targeted training sequence , then the tone changes from their study which teaching methods more effective .

与其实验有关的因素包括音节的一些内在属性，比如，四种单字调在音高值和音高曲线图方面的对立，以及韵母的时长和内在强度。

The factors concerned in his experiments include several intrinsic syllable properties , e.g. the pitch value and pitch contour contrast among the four lexicon tones , the duration and the intrinsic intensity of finals .

利用录音分析法先分析好每个人常出现的偏误，再经过和单字调一样的训练过程使学生发好每一组音。

I use a record sound analysis method analyzed each of regular errors occur , then through the same training process of one word tone so that each group of students made a good tone .

相对于单字调，韩国学生两字调的偏误比较广泛：阴平呈下降势，阳平上不去，半三声不降反升，去声高平或降不到位等等。

Adjusted relative to one word tone , two word tone Korean students more extensive errors : first tone downward trend , second tone can not go up , half third tone rise , not fall , fourth tone is in place high flat tone or not more down .