交易单元

理论方面，从最基本的交易单元入手，将企业视为交易的集合，交易必然产生交易成本，企业治理内、外交易成本的有效途径就是依据层级结构和交易契约建立起来的管理会计。

Theory area , starting from the most basic unit of transaction , the enterprise is a collection of transactions . The transactions inevitably produce costs . Management accounting based on hierarchical structures and trade contracts is an effective way to govern internal and external transactions .

使用该测试系统解决了外汇交易管理系统中单元测试的难题，实现了测试自动化。

With the test system , the problem of unit test in the foreign exchange transaction management system can be solved , and in further automated test can be realized .

依据对交易的传统定义，一个JDO交易示例就是执行单元操作的载体，执行的基础是持久性存储系统（或者数据库）。

A JDO Transaction instance is the vehicle for carrying out a unit of work , according to the conventional definition of a transaction , against a persistence storage system ( or database ) .