目标效价

其中，学习者的目标设置、效价、自我效能、归因、以及教师的反馈和权威类型已在理论和实证上被确立为影响二语学习的重要动机成分。

Among them , learners ' goal-setting , valence , self-efficacy , attribution of previous performance , teachers ' authority type and feedback have been theoretically and empirically confirmed to be important motivational components .

作者从学习者目标设置、效价、自我效能感、归因等四个动机成分方面进行研究。

The author studies motivation from the angles of learners ' goal-setting , valence , self-efficacy , and attribution of previous performance , as they have been theoretically and empirically confirmed to be important motivational components .

被试为大学生，编码阶段要求被试对目标图片的效价进行判断，提取阶段要求被试判断是否见过屏幕上呈现的目标图片。

Volunteers are college students . In encoding phase , participants were asked to make decision on the valence of target pictures ; in retrieval phase , they were asked to judge whether the pictures were presented in previous study phase .

并且，目标图片的情绪效价制约着情绪启动的效应。

Furthermore , the valence of target pictures restricts affective priming effect .

目标状态可及性、目标情感效价等因素会影响目标感染现象的发生。

Goal contagion is influenced by many factors , including the accessibility of the goal and the valence of the goal .