穿支

踝上穿支，外径0.8±0.3mm。

The perforating branches of medial anterior malleolus with a diameter of 0.8 ± 0.3 mm .

国人后交通动脉及其内穿支研究

A Study of the Posterior Communicating Arteries and Their Perforating Branches

治疗组中主干支组、深穿支组的神经功能恢复程度在治疗后1周、1月后分别较对照组中的主干支组、深穿支组明显（P＜0.01）。

The therapy group was better than the control about the extent of functional or neurological improvement on the 7-day and one month after therapy ( P < 0.01 ) .

骨间后动脉骨皮穿支1～3支，外径（0.6±0.2）mm。

The bone cutaneous perforating branches of posterior interosseous artery had 1 ~ 3 branches , diameters were ( 0.6 ± 0.2 ) mm .

而深穿支动脉梗死（PAI）8例，为单发梗死。

Cases died of branch arterial infarction , a kind of solitary infarction .

四维CTA技术清楚准确地显示了穿支血管的位置和皮肤血管的动态充盈过程及解剖供血范围。

Four-dimensional CTA technique defined accurately and clearly location and perfusion territory of the perforators .

脑穿支供血动脉和椎动脉供血的AVM出血危险性大；

The AVM of brain perforating branches or vertebral artery supplying arteries is easy to bleed .

结果：前臂桡侧缘远端的动脉穿支来自：桡动脉的皮支6～11支，外径（0.7±0.3）mm；

RESULTS : The perforator artery in distal radial margin of forearms derived from : 6-11 cutaneous branches of radial artery with external diameter of ( 0.7 ± 0.3 ) mm ;

3DDSA对30个动脉瘤和载瘤动脉及邻近血管的关系均显示清楚，发现2个动脉瘤囊内有穿支；

3D DSA could clarify the relationships of all aneurysms with their parent arteries and with the local vessels , and some branches from 2 sacs were identified with 3D DSA .

其肌皮穿支恒定的有2支，血管蒂长7～8cm左右。

Its vascular pedicle is about 7 ~ 8 cm long .

臀大肌远侧穿支V-Y皮瓣修复骶部褥疮

Distal perforator-based gluteus maximus muscle V-Y flap for treatment of sacral ulcers

第2,3掌背动脉分别始于桡动脉腕背支和掌深弓的穿支，外径均为（0.8±0.2）mm；

Second , third dorsal metacarpal arteries was derived from dorsal carpal branch of radial artery and perforating branch of deep palmar arch respectively and their diameter was about ( 0.8 ± 0.2 ) mm each ;

胫后动脉跟骨上穿支血管起始于内踝与跟骨连线中点，起始直径（0.45±0.01）mm。

A perforating branch of posterior tibial artery at the position of the calcaneus originated from the midpoint of the connecting line between the medial malleolus and the calcaneus ( initial diameter 0.45 ± 0.01mm ) .

高空间分辨率和穿支血管血流评估是ICG血管造影最大优点。

The high spatial resolution and assessment of blood flow in the perforating branches are the most important advantages .

大型垂体腺瘤、颅咽管瘤可以接受wus环后部大脑后动脉穿支和基底动脉上段穿动脉供血。

Large pituitary adenoma and craniopharyngioma can receive blood supply from the posterior cycle of Willis .

解剖胸背动脉穿支血管（口径大于0.5mm）。

The thoracodorsal artery perforators greater than 0.5 mm in diameter were dissected .

本文还首次提出，不同部位的脑血栓血浆LPA值不同，皮层支血栓高于深穿支梗塞。

The paper first reports different parts of infarction have different plasma LPA level , cortical branch of cerebral arteries infarction is higher than central branch infarction .

ACA-A1段均发出重要的穿支血管，手术时应仔细加以分辨、保护。

ACA-A1 segment sent out a lot of important perforating branches .

踝前内侧穿支，外径0.6±0.2mm；

The perforating branches of superior malleolus with a diameter of 0.6 ± 0.2 mm ;

同时，比目鱼肌中有3～4支肌皮穿支穿出肌质，外径为（0.3±0.2）mm，出肌质后在筋膜内与隐神经营养血管链吻合。

Meanwhile , there were 3 to 4 myocutaneous perforating branches which ran out of the soleus muscle , with a mean caliber of ( 0 . 3 ± 0 . 2 ) mm , and joined the nutrient vessels of the saphenous nerve in fascia .

旋转轴点为腓动脉外踝后上方（5cm）的最远侧肌间隔穿支。

The flap was supplied by the lowermost perforator of peroneal artery in the posterolateral septum . The pivot point was located at 5 cm above lateral malleolar tip .

目的探讨应用臀大肌远侧穿支V-Y皮瓣修复骶部褥疮，简化手术操作。

Objective To explore the method of the distal perforator-based gluteus maximus muscle V-Y flap to treat the sacral ulcer and to simplify the operative procedures .

腓动脉穿支（0.87mm±0.34）；

The perforating peroneal A ( 0.87mm ± 0.34 );

升支起始外径1.2±0.4mm，发出肌支和髂胫束穿支；

The originated external diameter of ascending branch is 1.2 ± 0.4 mm and it gave off muscular branch and perforating rami of iliotibial band .

应用显微解剖的方法修薄穿支血管蒂中央部半径2cm内的脂肪筋膜岛，保护穿支蒂中央部份的分支免受损伤。

The fat anadesma islet of perforating branch blood vessel pedicel in central part radius 2 cm was cut by microdissection method to protect perforating branch pedicel inside of central part from damage .

在腓肠肌腱腹交界（约为小腿中点）的近侧2～4cm内，恒定有1～3支肌皮穿支血管与腓肠神经血管轴相交通。

Furthermore , in 2 ~ 4 cm proximal to the junction of tendon-muscle belly , there were usually 1 ~ 3 communicating branches connecting the sural axis and the gastrocnemius muscle .

结果：颈内动脉分叉上间隙由大脑前动脉的A1段、大脑中动脉的M1段及前穿质围成，是一个狭小的组织间隙，内有Heubner等穿支动脉通过；

Results : The superior interspaces were abounded by A1 segment of anterior cerebral artery , M1 segment of middle cerebral artery and anterior perforated substance , which was a narrow interspace , containing Heubner artery and the other arteries .

术后2h、1周时主干蒂穿支皮瓣组的腹壁上动脉平均流速减慢，与另一组比较有统计学差异（P<0.05）；

At 2 hours and 1 week after operation , the blood stream velocity in the superior epigastric artery in the perforator flap with the superior abdominal artery pedicle was reduced , and there was a statistical difference between the two kinds of flaps ( P < 0.05 );

降支起始外径1.2±0.4mm，发出肌支、3～5支股骨外侧髁骨膜支及髂胫束穿支。

The originated external diameter of descending branch is 1.2 ± 0.4 mm and it gave off muscular branch , 3 ~ 5 periosteal branch to femoral external condyle and perforating rami of iliotibial band .

腓肠外侧动脉发2～5支外径0.2～1.2mm肌皮穿支，营养腓肠肌外侧头及相应区域皮肤。

Lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle was supplied by muscle cutaneous perforating branches of peroneal lateral artery , which sent 2 ~ 5 branches with average diameter 0.2 ~ 1.2 mm .