追踪误差

当然，采取这种对策ETF要付出追踪误差暂时增大的代价。

Of course , it will increase the cost of tracking error temporarily .

与传统ETF相比，这些做空型ETF的追踪误差更大，因为期货比股市更难控制。

These short ETFs will suffer from greater tracking error compared with traditional ETFs , because futures are harder to manage than stocks .

显然，界面源法的子波出射方向数远远大于传统方法，算法的追踪误差主要由界面离散引起的，因此，界面源法很好地解决了Moser法存在的问题，大大提高了追踪的精度。

Obviously , there are much more ray directions from a secondary source with this method than with Moser 's method . The main tracing errors only come from interface discretization .

实验结果证实，自组织模糊控制器在减少机械臂关节空间轨迹追踪误差上，比传统模糊控制器有较佳的控制性能。

The experimental result shows self-organizing fuzzy controller has better control performance than traditional fuzzy controller in reducing errors in the tracing of space trajectory of robot arm joint .

仿真结果验证了追踪误差系统的状态首先在有限时间内到达滑模面，然后在有限时间内收敛到原点，实现了追踪控制。

Simulations proved that the states of the tracking error system firstly arrive at the sliding mode in the finite time and then reach the origin in the finite time , which realize the tracking control .

根据人-机系统的数学模型，分析了炮手追踪时产生误差的主要原因是系统滞后。

According to the mathematical model of man-machine system , the paper concludes that the main reason of tracing error of operators if system lag .

在中途速度修正段，分析了追踪航天器姿态误差和控制系统性能误差对状态误差传播的影响。

And in the midcourse velocity correction segment , effects on the state error propagation caused by attitude errors and control system performance of the chasing satellite were studied .

以Watterson短波信道为背景，论文研究了常用的LMS算法和RLS算法。针对影响算法收敛速率、信道追踪能力和稳态误差的变量，进行了详细的理论分析和计算机仿真研究。

Based on Watterson shortwave channel , this paper applies the least mean square algorithm and recursive least square algorithm , and conducts both theoretical research and computer simulation to study the variables which influence the convergence rate , the tracking ability and the steady-state error of the algorithm .

在自由飞行段，分析了追踪航天器估计状态误差的先验值和测轨误差对状态误差传播的影响。

In the free flight segment , effects on the state error propagation caused by prior state estimation errors and orbit determination errors of the chasing spacecraft were studied .

提出了流线型追踪模拟中产生误差的几个主要因素，包括流水线定位，弧长和飞行时间，插值方案以及起始点的设计等，并提出了解决方案；

Propose in the streamline form tracing simulation has erroneous several primary factors , including the assembly line localization , the arc length and the flight time , the interpolation plan as well as the initial station design and so on , and proposed the solution ;

为此，研究了基于实时预报的信号导前量的火炮追踪控制策略，仿真表明，本方法减小了追踪误差，显示了其有效性和可行性。

Consequent studies of the gun tracing control tactics based on real-time prediction are made . The simulation shows that this method reduces the tracing error and proves its availability and feasibility .