即子

与其他许多系统相同，Linux系统中的目录也包含其他目录，即子目录。

As with many other systems , directories on a Linux system may contain other directories called subdirectories .

本文首先介绍了相关的网络基础知识，重点介绍了IP地址管理技术：IP地址和子网掩码及网段管理即子网划分的方法。

This text introduced the related network foundation knowledge first , the point introduced the IP address management technique : The IP address and Mask .

但是，这一优点同时也给OFDM技术埋下了一个隐患，即子载波间干扰（Inter-carrierInterference，ICI）。

However , this advantage results in a potential trouble to OFDM as well , namely ICI ( Inter-Carrier Interference ) .

该算法充分利用OFDM资源分配问题是一个混合优化问题这一特点，用进化算法优化模型中的离散变量，即子载波分配，用KKT条件求解模型中的连续变量，即功率分配。

The algorithm makes full use of the feature that OFDM resource allocation problem is a mixed optimization problem , using evolutionary algorithm to optimize discrete variables and using KKT conditions to optimize continuous variables .

其中，下层次为功能层，即子系统；

The lower level is the functional level ( i.e.sub-systems );

另一种情况也非常普遍，即子公司下达订单，由总部支付各种发票。

It is also quite common , however , that subsidiaries places orders , and the head office settles the respective invoices .

分工可能带来另一种倾向，即子系统对其他子系统的优越感与独立性，这种倾向容易导致不同程度的社会失范，不利于社会整合。

In the other way , division produced another tendency , that sense of superiority and independence , which may bring about anomie in different degrees .

其主体机制为方案继承：即子方案既拥有父方案所有的数据和操作，又拥有自身的数据和操作。

Its main mechanism for the database was inherit , that was , the sub-scenario inherited the father scenario and it had all the data and operations of the father scenario as well as its own data and operations .

阐述了网络的配置和拓扑管理模块的实现方法及步骤，指出拓扑发现算法能准确地发现物理网络拓扑，即子网内交换机到交换机、交换机到路由器、交换机到主机之间的连接关系。

Lastly , the realization of network configuration and topology management is set forth , physical topotactic transformation of network , the connection of switcher to switcher , switcher to router and switcher to host in sub network can be found accurately by the algorithm of topology discovery .

介绍了这一MES体系的核心部分即调度子系统的作业计划、生产调度和物料跟踪等模块的结构及其主要功能。

The location and scope of the MES are defined . Based on that , the core part namely the scheduling sub-system and the module structures and main functions of the task planned , production scheduling and material tracking module of it in the MES are introduced .

本文研究并实现了轻量级VoIP系统的管理维护系统即OAM子系统，解决了轻量级VoIP系统网络规模控制、网络监控告警、网络配置管理和网络负荷不均衡的问题。

This paper implements the management and maintenance subsystem of the lightweight VoIP system management , OAM subsystem . The OAM subsystem help to solve the lightweight VoIP system network scale control problem , network monitoring alarms problem , network configuration management and network load balancing problem .

一般地，WKB方法只能用于估算高激发态（即大量子数）能量，但在一定条件下，经适当修正，WKB方法可用于束缚态能量的近似计算，例如；

Generally , the WKB method can only use in estimating and calculating energies of high excitations ( i. e large quantum numbers ) . But , in a certain condition , the WKB method can use in approximate calculating of bound state energies by proper corrections .

该框架包含两个绩效衡量的子系统，即企业子系统和工程子系统。

The framework has two subsystems for evaluation as company subsystem and project subsystem .

该架构包含三个子系统，即目录子系统、身份管理子系统和认证子系统。

It includes three subsystems , such as directory section , identification management section and authentication section .

中间是内核空间，即网络子系统，也是本文介绍的重点。

In the middle , or kernel space , is the networking subsystem that is the focus of this article .

移动网络的终端设备不仅可以是单个节点，更可扩展为一些移动的小网络，即移动子网。

Roaming network is not only one client terminal , but also a small network , i.e. a mobile subnet .

用新的分子子图法计算硝基呋咱类化合物的生成热，将呋咱基团视为母体，即基子图项；

The molecular structure of nitro furazan compounds was described by a novel coding method on the basis of molecular sub-graph .

当然，元素也可能基于复杂的数据类型&即包含子元素（或嵌套层次结构）。

Of course , elements can be based on complex types , which means they might contain sub-elements ( or nested hierarchies ) .

为一般产品信息的抽取提供了一个通用模式设定方法，即以子目标的多个属性模式组合为子目标的抽取模式。

It can provide general method for information extraction of product ; namely , extracting pattern of sub-goal is combined with attribute patterns of sub-goal .

完善了超宽带印刷单极子天线的时域辐射模型，即单极子辐射、接地板辐射和微波介质基片寄生辐射。

Complete time-domain radiation model of UWB printed monopole antennas , which includes the contributions of monopole element , ground plane and dielectric substrate , was summarized .

大庆油田井下经营管理系统包括五个子系统，即预算子系统、核算子系统、结算子系统、考核子系统和分析子系统。

The production and management system consists of five subsystems , namely the budget subsystem , accounting subsystem , settlement subsystem , assessment subsystem and analysis subsystem .

足球机器人比赛的指挥中心即决策子系统，决策子系统的适应性与优越性直接影响机器人足球比赛的结果。

The soccer robots are conducted by strategy subsystem and the robot soccer tournament results are affected directly by the adaptability and superiority of the strategy subsystem .

为提高放射性气溶胶监测仪的灵敏度，消除天然本底即氡子体气溶胶的干扰是极为重要的。

To improve the detectable limit of radioactive aerosol monitors , it is very important to eliminate the inter-ference of the natural background , i.e. radon and thoron daughter aerosol .

检索时，先从图象的最低分辨率子图象（即LL子图象）的预览开始，一旦发现目标，则锁定目标；

When we want to look up a target on the image , we first browse the lowest resolution subimage ( LL subimage ) and locate mesh which the target belongs to .

其次详细地论述了相控阵雷达系统中软件无线电的实现形式：即天线子系统，收、发子系统，信号处理子系统。

Then , it is expounded in detail how the software radio structure can be implemented , which includes an antenna subsystem , receiving and transmitting subsystems , and a signal processing subsystem in phase array radar system .

能量检测判决算法利用短周期循环同步算法中训练符号在子载波上能量等间隔分布的规律来观察子载波能量峰值，能量峰值的偏移即为子载波偏移。

The first one detects an energy distribution of all subcarriers that is based on the energy distribution rule of training symbols used in the shortened cyclic synchronization algorithm . The offset of the energy peak equals to the normalized integer carrier frequency offset with the frequency interval .

它还带有特定的核苷酸序列即反密码子。

It also carries a specific nucleotide sequence , the anticodon .

DB2LUW下的每个数据库都拥有其独有的目录表，即每个DB2子系统保存目录表。

While each database in DB2 LUW holds its exclusive catalog tables , it is every DB2 subsystem that holds catalog tables .

本文利用Duffing方程的动力学特性，即混沌振子对白噪声具有免疫力，同时由于干扰周期信号的频率与混沌振子的固有频率相差较大，故而混沌振子对这些干扰信号也具有免疫力。

In this paper , according to the characteristic of Duffing equation : chaotic oscillator is immune against the white noise and the periodical signal whose frequency is different to the inherent frequency of chaotic oscillator .

经过极短时间的热化后，这些夸克和胶子所组成的火球被达到了局域热平衡，从而形成一种新的物质态即夸克胶子等离子体（QGP）。

In very short time , these quarks and gluons collide to each other and the fireball reaches the local thermal equilibrium , and a quark-gluon-plasma ( QGP ) is then formed .