自然禀赋

城市的自然禀赋及文化特质不断被建设的大潮所侵蚀，新区特色趋同、老城特色流失的特色危机逐步发酵。

The city natural endowments and culture feature have been eroded by the construction .

自然禀赋、地理位置的差异及受教育程度的差异是导致地区间收入差距的主要因素。

Lastly , the difference on natural endowments , geographic location and the level of education are leading to regional income gap .

发展基础和自然禀赋的差距。

The difference between the basis for development and the natural resources .

自然禀赋与经济增长：对资源诅咒命题的再检验

Natural Resources Abundance and Economic Growth : A Re-examination of the Resource Curse Hypothesis

这一优势不是外生的自然禀赋，而是内生的在竞争与合作中形成的竞争优势。

This superiority is formed due to the internal collaboration and competition instead of natural force .

自然禀赋对农业发展的影响非常高，有时甚至起决定性作用。

Natural resources have an important effect on the agriculture development , sometimes it even has a decisive effect .

中国与东盟国家矿产资源自然禀赋的非均衡性为区内矿产资源合作提供了基础。

Imbalance distribution of mineral resources in China and ASEAN-countries lays a foundation for cooperation in the field of mineral resources .

在全球价值链分工条件下，自然禀赋、物质等资源对各国、地区产业的高端升级的作用非常有限。

Under the global value chain specialization , natural resources and other physical resources just have a limited influence on industrial upgrading .

企业的竞争力在不同历史时期、不同背景条件下有着不同的内容。传统或古典经济学家把企业竞争力看成是企业占有基本要素―劳动力、资金和自然禀赋等方面具有的相对优势。

The competition ability of the business enterprise has the different contents under the period and different background in different history term .

而人天性中具有善的自然禀赋，因此需要通过道德教育，发掘出人的理性能力。

Human has the good by nature , so only through the moral education , the ability of human reason is unearthed .

在不同的时期，资本、劳动力、自然禀赋、技术等因素被看作是一个国家经济发展的主要约束。

Many people regarded lacking of capital , labor , and technology as a main restraint of economic development in the past .

它们共同构成人类社会发展的金字塔；包括矿产资源的自然禀赋在内的基础能力处于金字塔的底部，是社会可持续发展的基础，也是培育其它能力的基础。

Basis capability , including natural gift of minerals resources , is the base of sustainable development and giving birth to other capability .

中国能源自然禀赋条件，决定了在今后相当长的时期内，煤炭在中国能源结构中将处于主体地位。

The natural energy resource endowment structure determined that coal will be dominating in our energy structure for a long time in future .

现在资本可以跨国流动，并且由于工业的重要性大大超过了农业从而使得自然禀赋显得不那么重要。

Capital is mobile across borders , and the gifts of nature count for little now that manufacturing eclipses agriculture in world trade .

西部地区不利的自然禀赋、不合理的产业结构以及中央逆市场调控的政策等，造成西部市场机制发育迟缓，仅靠市场的力量无法消化国企改制的成本；

Unfavorable resource endowment , unreasonable industrial distribution and central government 's non-marketed based regulations result in the under-development of West China market .

由于自然禀赋特别是人力资本投资的非匀质性，经典的发展经济学文献中劳动力齐质性假定显著地背离了事实。

The classic development economics literatures deviate significantly from the facts due to the heterogeneity of individual endowment , especially investment in human capital .

由于地区经济发展水平、自然禀赋等方面的差异，必然使得房地产业的发展及价格波动具有鲜明的区域特征。

As there are significant differences on natural endowment and economy development level , real estate price in different areas embodies the characters of regional features .

总结出三大生态贫困地区环境退化的主要原因、脆弱的环境因素，其成因机制包括生态环境的脆弱、人类生存环境恶劣、自然禀赋较差；

Then , we sum up the causes of environment degradation , tender factors , including the tender ecological environment , the atrocious living conditions and resources gift .

主要包括天津市花卉产业集群形成的自然禀赋、形成天津市花卉产业集群的辅助和流通加工业以及构筑天津市花卉产业集群的构架。

It includes the natural endowment and circulation processing industries for Tianjin flower industrial clusters ' formation , and build cluster architecture for the Tianjin flower industry clusters .

荷兰是农业自然禀赋较差的国家：依人均耕地论，是世界上最稀缺的国家；

Holland is a country with poor natural endowments in agriculture : in terms of per capita quantity of cultivated land , it is the scarcest country in the world ;

摘要国际上许多研究显示，自然禀赋与一些国家的经济增长之间存在显著的负相关关系，由此形成所谓的“资源沮咒”效应。

Lots of international studies indicate that there is an obviously negative relationship between natural endowments and economic growth in some countries , which brings about " resource curse " effect .

东北地区自然禀赋得天独厚、典型独特，占有多方面的自然区位优势，是东北农业发展的真正家底。

In northeast region , the natural resources is exceptional , unique and typical , it possesses various natural geographical advantages , and it is genuine family property of the northeast agriculture .

从资源的自然禀赋和制度经济学角度出发，分析了当前形势下开发油气资源对新疆经济的影响，并提出了相应的对策。

In view of resource geographical features and institutional economics , this paper analyzed the petrol resources exploitation ' effect on Xinjiang economics at present , and the corresponding measures were provided .

但旅游业是一个资源产业，一个依靠自然禀赋和社会遗赠的产业，一个以资源和环境为基础的产业。旅游对遗产资源的是柄双刃剑。

However , tourist industry is a resource industry which is rely on nature and the society and based on resources and the environment tourist is a double-edged sword to the heritage resources .

煤炭是我国的基础能源。我国能源自然禀赋条件，决定了在今后相当长的时期内，煤炭在我国一次能源结构中仍将处于主体地位。

Coal is the foundation of energy and the major resource in China , which is determined by the special energy resource structure of " abundant coal , deficient oil and scarce gas " .

事实上，这些工具尤其是新古典增长理论使用的工具不能很好地解释为什么具有类似自然禀赋和物质资本的国家的经济增长率和个人平均收入水平却大相径庭。

In fact , these tools especially tools used by new classical increase theory could not explain why countries with similar natural sources and material capitals have a different growth rate and average income .

滨水区因其自然禀赋和优越的生态环境不仅是大多数城市建成区、城市建设区、城市规划新区等的首选之地，更承载着诸多的生活愿景。

Waterfront area because of its natural endowment and superior ecological environment is not only the most city district , city construction , city planning area area choice , more load many vision of life .

但是，意志利用这些自然禀赋，在其特殊结构中称为品质，如果意志不是善的，这些才能和素养可能变为极大的恶，而且十分有害。

But they can become extremely bad and harmful if the will , which is to make use of these gifts of nature and which in its special constitution is called character , is not good .

但有些地区，尤其农村贫困区域，由于自然禀赋匮乏、自主经济发展动力不足等原因，其贫困程度仍然较深，反贫困工作步履维艰。

However , due to natural endowments scarcity in poor rural areas , the development of independent economic lack of motivation , its deep and wide poverty , the anti-poverty work is very difficult to step forward .

民族地区的行政效能管理受到自然禀赋、历史文化传统、经济发展水平等因素的制约，体现出不同于一般地区的行政管理特征。

The administrative function of national region is restricted by several system factors , such as natural resource , history culture traditions , developing level of economy , all these reflect different administration characters from general region ` s.