指出19世纪初期德川幕府管治的各项主要特徵，并解释此等特徵在幕府末年间（1853-68）是否得以持续。
Identify the main features of Tokugawa rule in the early19th century , and explain whether these features persisted in the Bakumatsu period ( 1853-68 ) . ( 1999 )
特末