椎间关节

BAK置入前后椎间关节内的应力变化

The Stress Changes of Intervertebral Joint Facet after Discectomy and BAK Implant Operation

支持椎间关节病手术的资料很少，而且应用筛选性阻滞也不可能预测结果。

The data supporting surgery for facet arthropathy are weak , and the use of screening blocks does not appear to improve outcomes .

其中Anderson分类Ⅱ型10例，浅Ⅲ型1例，1例伴有单侧椎间关节内撕脱性骨折。

10 cases were type ⅱ and 1 was sallow type ⅲ according to Anderson classification . One of them was associated with one-side intervertebral joint avulsed fracture .

伴单侧椎间关节内骨折的1例颈部旋转活动部分受限，术后JOA评分均达17分。

One case associated with intervertebral joint avulsed fracture had partial limitation in cervical rotation . JOA scores were 17 points in this group postoperatively .

颈椎椎间关节面倾角的X线测量

X - ray Measurement of Dip Angle of Intervertebral Joint Surface

腰椎椎间关节滑膜皱襞的解剖学研究及成人儿童的比较

Anatomical observation and clinical significance of synovial folds of lumbar zygapophyseal joints

椎间关节滑膜嵌顿综合征的解剖学基础

Anatomical basis of incarcerated syndrome of synovium in intervertebral joints

腰椎间盘摘除前后椎间关节腔内应力变化的实验研究

The Stress Changes in the Intervertebral Joint after Discectomy

牵引对颈椎椎间关节作用的有限元分析

The three-dimension finite unit analysis of the effect of cervical traction on cervical intervertebral joints

椎间关节阻滞复合脊神经后支阻滞对椎间关节综合征的疗效观察

Effectiveness of fact joint block combined with dorsal spinal radicle block in fact joint syndrome

观察椎间关节滑膜层及纤维层的结构特点。结果：椎间关节囊外为纤维层，内为较薄的滑膜层。

Results : There were thick fibrous stratum at external layer and synovialis stratum at internal layer of intervertebral capsula .

任何产生痛的结构都可以引起腰痛，这些异常包括椎间关节韧带、肌肉、筋膜和神经结构。

These may include abnormalities of the ligaments of the apophyseal joints , muscles and fascia , as well as neural structures .

方法：解剖观察成人脊柱标本7条（共175对350个椎间关节）。

Methods : Synovialis stratum and fibrous stratum were observed on 7 spinal columns ( 350 intervertebral articulations ) of adult cadavers .

自颈（2-3）至颈（6-7）节段，椎间关节的冠状角和矢状角依次减小，水平角则依次增大。

The coronal and sagittal angles of the cervical zygapophyseal joint decrease successively while the horizontal angle of that increases progressively from C2_3to C6_7segment .

结论：项韧带骨化与颈椎退行性改变及颈椎椎间关节不稳定具有相关性，组织学改变以软骨内化骨为主。

Conclusion : The ossification of the nuchal ligament is related to the degeneration of cervical intervertebral joints which contribute to the instability of cervical spine .

17例骨折愈合后颈椎活动恢复正常，3例伴单侧椎间关节内骨折者颈部旋转功能较正常减少20%。

The cervical motion function of 17 cases recovered completely after fracture union . The 3 cases associated with intervertebral joint avulsed fractures reminded mild limitation in cervical rotation by 20 % .

结果：（1）在头重情况下各颈椎的钩椎关节、椎间关节主要承受纵轴方向的压应力，且应力值从上到下逐渐加大，横突间相互靠拢；

Results : ( 1 ) The stress of normal luschka joints and cervical facet joints was mainly compressive stress which increased from top to bottom , and vertical distances among cervical transverse became slightly narrow at the action of head weight ;

术后4月复查椎间小关节已融合。

The facet joint was fused after 4 months postoperatively in radiogram .

正常腰椎及腰椎退行性滑脱症椎间小关节角度的研究

Study of lumbar facet joint angle of normal and degenerative spondylolisthesis patients

目的设计制作一种以切口弹簧为主体的颈椎椎间人工关节，并进行力学分析。

Objective To design a type of intervertebral manual joint with grooving spring and analyse its mechnical analysis .

DS的病因不明，可能与椎间盘、关节突关节的不对称退变、骨质疏松和遗传学因素有关，但这些并不是发生退行性脊柱侧凸的直接原因。

The pathogenesis of DS is still unknown . Although osteoporosis , asymmetric degenerative disc disease , facet tropism and inheritance have been implicated as factors in the development of degenerative scoliosis , none has been shown to be directly related .

一般认为，透明软骨主要分布于关节软骨、肋软骨，纤维软骨分布于椎间盘、关节盘及耻骨联合等处，弹性软骨分布于耳廓及会厌等处。

Fibrocartilage distributes to the intervertebral disc , articular disc , and pubis symphysis . Elastic cartilage distributes to auricle and epiglottis .

由于椎体融合改变了原有脊柱的结构，导致脊柱运动学及运动力学均发生明显改变，邻近节段活动度代偿性增大，导致应力异常集中于椎间盘和关节突，促使其发生退变。

Because vertebral spinal fusion change the original structure , kinematics and spinal movement led mechanics were significantly changed activity of adjacent segments compensatory increase , leading to abnormal stress on the disc and facet to promote its occurrence degeneration .

方法：5例新鲜尸体脊柱（T6～T10）标本，自椎间盘、小关节及上位椎体下肋椎关节处分解为单椎体（附带双侧肋骨）25个。

Method : Five fresh human cadaveric thoracic spines ( T6 ~ T10 ) were harvested and disarticulated into 25 vertebra rib units from the following lever : intervertebral disk , facet articulation and inferior costovertebral articulations .

本研究拟达到以下目的：①建立上颈椎的有限元模型（C0-C3），包括椎间盘、小关节和主要韧带结构，并与体外生物力学实验结果进行对比；

The purposes of this study were : ① To develop finite element model of upper cervical spine ( Compared with 0-C3 ), including disc , facet and major ligaments .

振动载荷对损伤椎间盘处小关节的影响分析

Influence of Vibratory Loads on the Facet Joints Near Injured Intervertebral Discs

颈椎融合内固定对相邻节段椎间盘及椎间关节压力影响的生物力学研究

Biomechanical study on the stress effect of adjacent-level intervertebral disk and intervertebral joint after cervical spine fusion and instrumentation

对动力学评价，确定了椎间盘和小关节受力，并可视化。

For kinetic evaluation , the forces of the intervertebral discs and facet joints of each segment were determined and visually animated .

结果颈椎标本在模拟半体状态下，椎间盘和小关节应力由后伸至前屈位（-5°→-15°），向椎体前方分别增大4.96和3.48倍；

Results During the semi-on-body condition , the stresses of frontal points in the cervical intervertebral discs and the articular processes in this cervical vertebral samples increase 4.96 and 3.48 times from extension to flexion ( - 5 °→ - 15 °);

从生物力学的角度来看，脊柱运动节段被认为是脊柱最小的功能单位，由两个相邻的椎体、椎间盘、小关节及韧带等结构组成。

From the view of biomechanics , the spinal motion segment was considered to be the smallest spinal functional unit in the lumbar spine . This spinal functional unit includes two consecutive vertebral bodies 、 intervertebral disc 、 facet joints and ligaments .