枕骨大孔

经此入路可显露从枕骨大孔前缘至C3椎体的范围；

The range from anterior rim of foramen magnum to C 3 could be exposed by this approach .

枕骨大孔区脑膜瘤诊断依赖于影像学检查，MRI检查能提供肿瘤清晰的三维位置和毗邻关系信息，是最佳诊断手段。

The diagnosis for foramen magnum meningiomas depends on imageology . Since MRI can offer information of precise three-dimensional location and adjacent structures , it is the optimal method of preoperative diagnosis .

CT或MRI上病灶为单发的50例，占87.7%，其中位于右大脑者16例，左大脑14例，小脑12例，鞍区、枕骨大孔区和颅底8例；

50 cases are single focus on CT or MRI ( 87.7 % ), in which there are 16 cases lie in right cerebra , 14 ones lie in left cerebra , 12 ones in cerebellum , 8 ones in sellar area and foramen magnum region skull base ;

对X线摄片证实的34例枕骨大孔区畸形患者进行了电刺激运动诱发电位（MEP）测试，MEP异常率91.4%，改变以中枢运动传导时间（CMCT）延迟为主。

Electrical stimulating motor evoked potentials ( MEP ) were examined in 34 cases with malformation of atlantooccipital region verified by roentgenogram . Abnormal rate of MEP was 94 . 1 % .

结果AIS患者的小脑扁桃体平均位置明显低于对照组（分别为枕骨大孔上0.9mm和2.9mm）。

Results In AIS patients and healthy controls , the mean position of the cerebellar tonsil was 0.9 and 2.9 mm above the BO line , respectively .

目的介绍一种经小脑扁桃体延髓沟入路切除枕骨大孔区、小脑扁桃体延髓沟内、Luschka孔区及第四脑室内肿瘤的方法。

Objective To introduce a trans cerebellomedullary fissure approach to remove the tumors located in the foramen of magnum , cerebellomedullary fissure , foramen of Luschka and the fourth ventricle .

结果：枕外隆凸最高点至枕骨大孔后缘间的距离；

Results External occipital protuberance apogee to foramen magnum empress distance ;

显微手术治疗枕骨大孔区肿瘤26例

Microsurgical treatment of foramen magnum tumors for 26 cases

枕骨大孔区腹侧肿瘤的显微外科治疗

Microsurgical treatment to ventral tumors in foramen magnum region

手术治疗枕骨大孔区畸形的初步探讨

Surgical treatment for anomalies of the foramen magnum region

枕骨大孔区肿瘤，多数是良性肿瘤。

Tumors of the foramen magnum are mostly benign .

枕骨大孔区病变与运动诱发电位的研究

Study of motor evoked potential in foramen magnum lesions

枕骨大孔区畸形的诊断、分型及意义

Diagnosis , TyPing of Malformation of Foramen Magnum Region

目的目前对于枕骨大孔区畸形并脊髓空洞症患者的治疗仍有争论。

Objective The surgical management of foramen magnum malformation associated with syringomyelia is controversial .

22例术后恢复良好，4例因枕骨大孔疝而死亡。

22 cases had a good prognosis and 5 cases died of cerebellar tonsillar herniation .

目的：探讨枕骨大孔区神经鞘瘤的诊断技术和显微手术治疗技巧。

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and microsurgical treatment of neurilemmomas of the foramen magnum .

枕骨大孔区及高颈髓肿瘤的早期诊断和手术治疗

Early diagnosis and surgical treatment for tumors at the foramen magnum and upper spinal cord

结果发现脑重量增加，质地变软和枕骨大孔疝形成；

Results The brain had weight increase , texture soften and hernia of magnum with HIE .

枕骨大孔区肿瘤

Tumors of the foramen magnum region

电刺激运动诱发电位对枕骨大孔区畸形患者的临床研究

Clinical study of electrical stimulating motor evoked potential in patients with malformation of atlanto - occipital region

目的：颅颈（颅脊）交界腹侧区包括斜坡下部、枕骨大孔前缘、寰枢椎前部。

Object : Foramen magnum region contains lower clivus , anterior margin of foramen magnum and atlas-axis .

目的：探讨治疗枕骨大孔区畸形的手术方法。

Objective : To explore the operation modalities for anomalies of the foramen magnum region ( AKMR ) .

Ⅲ型肿瘤基底在颈静脉孔附近主要向枕骨大孔延伸者3例。

Type ⅲ, originating from near the jugular foramen , extending to the foramen magnum ( 3 cases ) .

目的：探讨枕骨大孔区腹侧肿瘤的合理手术入路，进一步提高其手术治疗效果。

Objective : To develop rational surgical approach and to further improve the surgical outcomes to foramen magnum tumors .

结论Ⅰ型枕骨大孔区肿瘤，手术全切除肿瘤困难，远外侧经髁入路是切除Ⅰ型枕骨大孔区肿瘤最有效的方法；

Conclusions To totally resect type ⅰ foramen magnum tumors , extreme lateral transcondylar approach is an optimal choice .

颅颈部畸形叉称枕骨大孔区畸形，涉及的疾病较多。

Malformation of the craniocervical region , also known as malformation of the foramen magnum region , relates to many diseases .

方法：分析经显微手术治疗的6例枕骨大孔区神经鞘瘤的临床特点及治疗效果。

Methods The clinical behavior and therapeutic efficacy of6 patients with neurilemmomas of the foramen magnum by microsurgical therapy were analyzed .

扩大的内镜下经鼻蝶入路至斜坡及枕骨大孔腹侧区的应用解剖学研究

The Extended Endoscopic Endonasal Approach to the Clivus and Anterior Region of Foramen Magnum : Applied Anatomy of Specimen and CT

远外侧经髁入路切除下斜坡和枕骨大孔腹侧肿瘤的解剖与临床研究

Microsurgical anatomy and clinical study of the far-lateral transcondylar approach to remove tumors situated at lower clivus and ventral to foramen magnum

12例（75%）预后良好，2例分别因继发脑室内出血或枕骨大孔疝而死亡。

Among 16 cases , 12 cases had a good prognosis with 2 cases died of intraventricular hemorrhage or cerebellar tonsillar hernia .