最低有效位

基于最低有效位和最高有效位替换法的熵理论模型

An Entropy Model Based on LSB Substitution and MSB Substitution

在分支时，CPU会检查目标地址的最低有效位（LSB），以确定新的状态。

During the branch , the CPU examines the least significant bit ( LSb ) of the destination address to determine the new state .

AO线通常被连结到地址总线的最低有效位。

The AO line is usually tied to the least significant bit of the address bus .

提出了在嵌入信息服从均匀分布的情况下，两个基于图像时空域最低有效位连续嵌入的统计检测算法：μ检验算法和x2检验算法。

Here two statistical methods to detecting the continuous embedding in image LSBs are proposed , which are μ test and X2 test .

最低有效位（LSB）方法，该方法易于实现，但稳定性差。

Least Significant Bit ( LSB ) method is one of the representatives , the method is easy to achieve , but has poor stability .

将差值扩展技术应用于彩色图像，提出一种基于预测误差差值扩展和最低有效位（LSB）替换的彩色图像可逆数据隐藏算法。

This paper proposed a reversible data hiding algorithm for color images based on prediction error difference expansion and Least Significant Bit ( LSB ) replacement .

在灰度图像中的数字水印中，空间域方法只能用在LSB（最低有效位）的局限性，同时，实验表明对常规攻击具有较好的识别能力。

The limit that space domain only be applied in LSB under gray image of digital watermark was changed . Then , experiment showed that the method have a better adaptability to normal attack .

其积分非线性误差为045个最低有效位（LSB），微分非线性误差为02LSB，满摆幅输出的建立时间小于1μs。

The integral non-linearity error is less than 0 45 LSB , and the differential non-linearity error is less than 0 2 LSB . The settling time to full swing is less than 1 μ s.

本文提出了一种基于虚拟主键的关系数据库水印算法，构建虚拟主键代替真正主键对关系数据库进行标记，引入误差到关系数据库指定的最低有效位LSB中，实现二值图像的水印信息嵌入。

The virtual primary key was regarded as the marked benchmark for the relational database instead of the real primary key , and error was introduced in the database specified least significant bit by embeding a binary image watermarking .

依据人类对于图像的视觉冗余特性研究了空域上的信息隐藏，给出了基于最低有效位（LSB）和其他多位隐藏和检测方法的算法和流程，并且通过编程实现；

The spatial information hiding based on the human inherent visual redundancy to image was studied . At first , several algorithms based on the Least Significant Bits ( LSB ) and multiple bits of color image were presented .

在对图像以二维Arnold变换置乱的基础上，根据八邻域内像素之间的相关性来确定LSB（最低有效位）的替换方式，提取时只需提取置乱图像的LSB即可。

In the foundation of scrambling image by tow-dimensional Arnold transform , the LSB ( Least Significant Bit ) embedding scheme is determined by the correlation between the pixels in the eight neighborhood . The embedded message can be extracted from LSBs of transformed image .

所有数据首先读并且被写最低有效位。

All data is read and written least significant bit first .

本文还对传统的最低有效位替换法进行改进，从而可以大幅度提高隐写容量。

We will improve on the traditional LSB technique to increase the capacity .

基于最低有效位的数字水印技术

Digital watermarking based on LSB

然后，将图像块中像素最低有效位和次最低有效位分别置零，以置零后的像素平均亮度值作为恢复数据。

The recovery data are composed of average intensity obtained by truncating the two least significant bits ( LSBs ) of each pixel within each block .

隐写术是信息隐藏的一个重要分支，时空域的隐写术算法简单，应用方便。本论文依据图像的视觉冗余特性研究时域的基于最低有效位的隐写方法。

Area when this thesis study according to the sense of vision redundancy characteristic of the picture of according to the Conceal of the lowest valid writes the method .

仪器的准确度通常规定为读数的百分数，加上量程的百分数（或者最低有效位的字数）。

Instrument accuracy is usually specified as a percent of reading , plus a percentage of range ( or a number of counts of the least significant digit ) .

允许消去答数中最低有效数字位以下的全部数字位的功能。

The function that allows the elimination in the result of the calculation of all digits beyond the least significant digit .