地上结构

论文中确定了整个建筑的合理划分的结构单元，以地下室顶为整个结构模型的嵌固端，地上结构分A、B、C三个结构单元，这样就简化了结构计算。

The top of the basement is taken as fixed-end , and the upper structure is divided into three structural units as A , B , and C , which simplifies the structural computation .

考虑地下及地上结构的整体效应，从结构构件协同作用的角度计算地下连续墙的内力和位移，与工程上普遍采用的设计方法对比分析。

Fourth , the paper consider whole effect of underground and overground structure , calculate the internal force and displacement of diaphragm wall in the angle of structure component in coordination and contrast with design method which generally adopt in engineering .

由于地下工程有防水要求，地下室混凝土结构设置永久伸缩缝要比地上结构困难得多，因此，目前在地下室混凝土结构设计中已很少再设置永久伸缩缝。

For the reason of underground engineering have waterproof demand , it is difficult to setup permanent expansion joints in basement concrete structure than the over ground part . Therefore , it rarely set permanent expansion joint in the concrete structure design of basement in present .

封育对退化沙质草地土壤种子库与地上群落结构的影响

Effects of enclosure management on the structure of soil seed bank and standing vegetation in degraded sandy grasslands of eastern Inner Mongolia

与地上框架结构相比，地下结构的地震变形反应相对较小，但内力反应很大。

Compared with structures on the ground , the seismic deformation of underground structures is smaller , while inner force response is larger .

大量震害表明，特殊的局部场地条件对于地表运动有着重要的影响，从而导致地下或地上建筑结构不同程度的破坏。

A lot of investigations of earthquake damage indicate that special local site conditions can make important influences on surface ground motion , which also lead damage to overground and underground buildings more or less .

地上垂直生产结构可分为四大类，多数品种生物产量集中在20～60cm，分别向两级递减。

Vertical biomass structure on above ground was divided into four grades .

放牧和围封对草地地上植物群落结构有显著影响。

Plant community structure was greatly influenced by grazing and exclosure .

3种沙漠植物地上部分形结构与生物量的自相似性

Self-Similarity Relationship between Component of Shoot and Biomass of Three Hungriness Plants

单播及不同比例的混播组合，其地上生物量结构各异。生物量和叶片集中分布的空间不同。

Single sowing and mix sowing different proportion have different structure of biomass and leave were distributed in different space .

分解过程中的养分动态影响着土壤营养循环以及土壤质量，进一步影响到地上部分的群落结构等生态系统功能。

Litter decomposition also affect soil nutrient cycling and soil quality , and further community structure and ecosystem functions .

基地位于台北县泰山乡，为地下二层，地上六层钢结构之多功能体育馆。

The site is situated in the Tai-Shan village Taipei county , is a Steel structure of two basement and six floors above ground multi-purpose stadiums .

该住宅位于一个无计划地占用山林农田建造地上，现有结构由于过分分割导致室内自然光源稀少。

Situated on a sprawling lot , the existing structure was compartmentalized excessively with little natural light reaching the interior .

利用离散小波变换不但能够有效地从汽油机缸内压力信号中提取爆震特征，而且能够有效地从缸盖上的结构振动信号中提取爆震特征。

Knock feature can be extracted effectively not only from a pressure signal measured from a cylinder in an engine , but also from a vibration signal measured from the engine cap by means of discrete wavelet transform .