光子质量

光子质量对电磁场理论的影响

The influence of photon 's mass on electromagnetic field theory

库仑定律与光子质量

Coulomb 's law and the mass of the photon

溴乙烷分子的单色双光子质量分辨阈值光谱展现出丰富的振动结构，这是在溴乙烷分子相继吸收两个光子的过程中波包在解离态势能面上演化的结果。

The spectra showed extensive excited vibrational structure as a result of wave packet evolving on the potential energy surface of the dissociative state in the time interval between the absorption of the two photons .

光子没有质量——它们是无重的。

Photons have no mass — they are weightless .

特别地，该算法在给出系统的X射线能谱估计的同时，还给出了构成模体的物质关于不同能量的光子的质量衰减系数的估计。

Especially , the algorithm obtains the phantom 's mass attenuation coefficient and spectrum of the CT system at the same time .

本文首先给出了由标准均匀圆柱状模体或楔状模体估计CT系统的X射线能谱的算法，该算法不必已知构成模体的物质关于不同能量的光子的质量衰减系数。

Firstly , an estimation algorithm for spectrum of the CT system is presented in the paper by using a standard cylinder or wedge phantom , where the mass attenuation coefficient of the contained material of the phantom is not necessarily to be known .

另外，采用离心沉积法、蒸发诱导法、垂直沉积法对SiO2微球和核壳结构的SiO2@Ag微球进行组装，比较了上述三种方法的利弊，研究表明利用垂直沉积法制备的光子晶体质量较高。

In addition , centrifugal deposition , evaporation-induced method and vertical deposition method were used to prepare SiO2 microspheres and core-shell structured SiO2 @ Ag microsphere . Compared with these three methods , the vertical deposition method is the best method to achieve high quality photonic crystals . 3 .

如果光子静止质量不为零，那么就可以把非零的光子静止质量引入电磁理论中，于是Maxwell方程组就推广为Proca方程组。

So people can add a nonzero rest mass to photons and the Maxwell equations are extended to the Proca equations . After such an extension of the electromagnetic field theory , a lot of new phenomena will appear .

光子静质量和光子结构

The rest mass and the structure of a photon

实验检验光子静止质量的研究进展

Progress in experimental tests of the photon rest mass

光子静止质量与雷达回波延迟

Photon rest mass and gravitational radar echo delay

光子静质量及检测方法

Photon Rest Mass and Its Detecting Method

光子静止质量的分析

Analysis of the static mass of photon

至今为止，所有检验光子静止质量的实验都只是给出光子静止质量的上限。

Up to now , all experimental results were only obtained the upper constrains on the photon mass .

用强场激光探测轴子实验中的光子静质量效应

Exploration of the photon rest mass effects in axions experiments by using the laser beam traveling through a strong magnetic field

如果假设不成立，即光子静止质量不为零，麦克斯韦方程必须改写。

Were it not correct , that is to say , if photo 's static mass does not equal to zero Maxwell 's equations should be modified .

这种方法对于确定频率的零检验实验，借如光子静止质量检验实验等具有一定的参考实用价值。

The method looks very promising in the view of the application to null result experiments with modulation methods , such as experiment tests on the photon rest mass .

对光子静止质量的实验检验，也是对光速不变原理的一种检验，即使光子仅有非常微小的静质量，如一旦得到实验的检验，将会对整个物理学的发展产生巨大而深刻的影响。

Experimental investigations of the photon rest mass are an indirect test of the constancy of the speed of light , and any conclusive evidence of a finite mass for the photon will greatly affect the development of all physics .

讨论了弯曲时空下，当光子静止质量不为零时引力的时间延迟效应，即光子静止质量对在地球上发射再从行星上反射回来的掠过太阳的雷达回波延迟的影响。

Discussed was the influence of photon rest mass on the delay of the radar echo which was sent from the earth and was reflected from the plant in the gravitational field of the sun , when the photon rest mass did not equal to zero in the curved time-space .

弯曲时空中Proca光子的静质量效应

Effects of Proca Photon in Curved Spacetime

它怎样影响光子或大质量粒子的轨道呢？

How does it affect orbits of photons or massive particles ?

光子的静止质量光子的静止质量上限是1.2x10-51g。

The upper limit of photon mass is1.2x10-51g .

原子核内光子的有效质量

Effective Photon Mass in Finite Nuclei

数值计算结果表明：若考虑光子的静质量，其频移效应将产生一个微小的修正（附加频移），但在目前的实验条件下不会产生可以观测的效应。

The results of numerical estimation show that frequency shift of the photon has a small change when considering the rest mass of the photon and it is not detected at present experimental condition .

主要困难在于，在通常由三维微腔所包裹的普朗克黑体组态中，光子是没有质量的并且光子气的化学势恒为零。因此，在这种环境下光子看起来不可能发生宏观凝聚。

The difficulty is that in the usual Planck blackbody configuration , which consists of an empty three-dimensional cavity , the photon is massless and its chemical potential is zero , so that the BEC of photons would seem to be impossible .

光子、引力子静质量的广义相对论效应就如同相对论将牛顿物理学给纳入一般，终究也可能会有个量子理论，将相对论给收编进来。

General Relativity Effect of Photon and Graviton with Rest Mass ; Much as relativity subsumed Newtonian physics , a quantum theory of gravity will ultimately subsume relativity .

光子的内部运动使得光子也具有静止质量。

The internal motion of photon leads to that the photon has also a rest mass other than zero .

讨论了光子、中微子（或暗物质粒子）的静质量，从不同的观点和方法对黑洞质量、核子质量、光子质量、暗物质粒子质量和普朗克粒子质量作了估算。

The rest mass of photon and neutrino was discussed using different view points and methods . The masses of black hole , nucleon , photon , particle of dark matter and Planck particle were estimated .